National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates （NETEM）

Section I Use of English

Directions：

Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）

Though not biologically related， friends are as “related” as fourth cousins， sharing about 1% of genes. That is _（1）_a study， published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences， has__（2）__. The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted __（3）__1， 932 unique subjects which __（4）__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_（5）__. While 1% may seem_（6）_， it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler， professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego， says， “Most people do not even _（7）_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_（8）_our kin.”The study_（9）_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity ｅxists in smell genes is difficult to explain， for now， _（10）_， as the team suggests， it draws us to similar environments but there is more_（11）_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _（12）_us in choosing genetically similar friends_（13）_“functional Kinship” of being friends with_（14）_！

One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_（15）_than other genes Studying this could help_（16）_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30， 000 years， with social environment being a major_（17）_factor. The findings do not simply explain people's_（18）_to befriend those of similar_（19）_backgrounds， say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction， care was taken to_（20）_that all subjects， friends and strangers， were taken from the same population.

1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what

2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised

3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by

4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected

5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples

6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible

7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know

8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass

9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus

10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps

11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like

12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit

13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with

14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits

15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier

16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express

17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive

18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency

19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic

20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tell

【参考答案】DBCAC　ADABD　BABDC　CBDCA

【试题点评】完型填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇的角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。这部分大家一定要注重思路和寻找线索能力的训练， 一般做题的基本思路是，：根据已知信息去填空，根据空前后的线索来选择填什么。比方说，题目让考生填主句的内容，那么从句中就会有相应的说明。题目让考生填动词，原文常常在别的地方出现这个动词的同义词。那么如何判断呢？首先根据需要填写动词后面出现的宾语，找到有同一宾语的句子，该句中的动词就是所需填写词的同义词。具体相关知识点和解题思路在考研教育网冲刺阶段英语冲刺班的完型填空部分有重点讲解，在强化班完形填空及考研词汇中也有所涉及。

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）

Text 1

King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don't abdicate， they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So， dies the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days？ Does that mean the uniting is on the wall for all European royals， with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles？

The Spanish case previous arguments both for and against monarchy when public opinion is particularly. Polarized， as it was following the end of the France regime， monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.

It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states. And so， the Middle East expected， Europe is the most monarch-infested region is the world ， with 10 kingdoms not counting Vatican city and Andorra. But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia， most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respect public figure.

Even so， kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside， symbolic of national unity as they claim to be， their very history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomes Piketty and other ecumenists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth， it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.

The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Prince and princess have day-jobs and ride bicycles， not horses （or helicopters）。 Even so， these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%， and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.

While Europe's monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to strive for some time to come， it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.

It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy reputation with her rather ordinary （if well-healed） granny style. The danger will come with Charles， who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchies view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service-as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows， it is kings of republicans， who are the monarchy's worst enemies.

21、according to the first two paragraphs， king Juan Carl of span______.

[A] used to enjoy high public support

[B] was unpopular among European royals

[C] ended his reign in embarrassment

[D] ended his relationship with his rivals

22、monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly______.

[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status

[B] to achieve balance between tradition and reality

[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to

[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment

23. Which of the following is shown to be odd， according to Paragraph 4？

[A] Aristocrats' excessive reliance on inherited wealth

[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies

[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families

[D]The nobility's adherence to their privileges

24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles______.

[A] takes a rough line on political issues

[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised

[C] takes republicans as his potential allies

[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role

25. Which of the following is the best title of the text？

[A] Carlos， Glory and Disgrace Combined

[B] Charles， Anxious to Succeed to the Throne

[C] Carlos， a Lesson for All European Monarchs

[D]Charles， Slow to React to the Coming Threats

【参考答案】21.D 22.A　23.B　24.B　25.C

【主要内容】本文主要讲述皇室的问题。

Text2

Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data？The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.

California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling， particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard， the state argues， for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.

The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California's advice. Enough of the implications are discernable， even obvious， so that the justice can and should provide ｕpdated guidelines to police， lawyers and defendants.

They should start by discarding California's lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say， going through a suspect's purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook， of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one's smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee's reading history ， financial history， medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing.” meanwhile， has made that exploration so much the easier.

But the justices should not swallow California's argument whole. New， disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution's protections. Orin Kerr， a law professor， compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th： The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then； they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.

26. The Supreme court， will work out whether， during an arrest， it is legitimate to______.

[A] search for suspects' mobile phones without a warrant.

[B] check suspects' phone contents without being authorized.

[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.

[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.

27. The author's attitude toward California's argument is one of______.

[A] tolerance.

[B] indifference.

[C] disapproval.

[D] cautiousness.

28. The author believes that exploring one's phone content is comparable to______.

[A] getting into one's residence.

[B] handing one's historical records.

[C] scanning one's correspondences.

[D] going through one's wallet.

29. In Paragraph 5 and 6， the author shows his concern that______.

[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.

[B] the court is giving police less room for action.

[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.

[D] citizens' privacy is not effective protected.

30.Orin Kerr's comparison is quoted to indicate that______.

[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.

[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.

[C]California's argument violates principles of the Constitution.

[D]principles of the Constitution should never be altered

【参考答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B

【主要内容】本文主要讲述法律方面的问题。

Text3

The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process， editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals， after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.

“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal， ” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association， the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors（SBoRE）。 Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal's internal editors， or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.

Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change， McNutt said： “The creation of the 'statistics board' was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”

Giovanni Parmigiani， a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health， a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel， unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself， but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”

John Ioannidis， a physician who studies research methodology， says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review， and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that， for the majority of scientific papers nowadays， statistical review is more essential than expert review， ” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine， the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.

Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data， but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research， according to David Vaux， a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards， he wrote in 2012， but journals should also take a tougher line， “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”。 Vaux says that Science's idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit， but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify 'the papers that need scrutiny' in the first place”。

31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that______.

[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.

[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.

[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.

[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.

32. The phrase “flagged up” （Para. 2） is the closest in meaning to______.

[A] found.

[B] marked.

[C] revised.

[D] stored.

33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may______.

[A] pose a threat to all its peers.

[B] meet with strong opposition.

[C] increase Science's circulation.

[D]set an example for other journals.

34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now______.

[A] adds to researchers' workload.

[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.

[C] has room for further improvement.

[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future

35. Which of the following is the best title of the text？

[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.

[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect

[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors' Desks

[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science

【参考答案】31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A

【主要内容】本文主要讲述统计方面的问题。

Text4

Two years ago， Rupert Murdoch's daughter， Elisabeth， spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”。 ntegrity had collapsed， she argued， because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it's us， human beings， we the people who ｃreate the society we want， not profit”。

Driving her point home， she continued： “It's increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose， of a moral language within government， media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International， she thought， making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World， Andy Coulson， for conspiring to hack phones， and finding his predecessor， Rebekah Brooks， innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5， 500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale， as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire， the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.

In many respects， the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom， how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.

In today's world， it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation， the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency， flexibility， shareholder value， business-friendly， wealth generation， sales， impact and， in newspapers， circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice， fairness， tolerance， proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding， to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories， but she asked no questions， gave no instructions-nor received traceable， recorded answers.

36. According to the first two paragraphs， Elisabeth was upset by______.

[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism

[B] companies' financial loss due to immoral practices.

[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.

[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.

37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that______.

[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime

[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.

[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.

[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.

38. The author believes the Rebekah Books's deference______.

[A] revealed a cunning personality

[B] centered on trivial issues

[C] was hardly convincing

[D] was part of a conspiracy

39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows______.

[A] generally distorted values

[B] unfair wealth distribution

[C] a marginalized lifestyle

[D] a rigid moral cote

40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph？

[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.

[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.

[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.

[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.

【参考答案】36. B 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C

【主要内容】本文主要讲述道德方面的问题。

【试题点评】今年四篇文章都有一定难度。在我们整体的考研阅读当中，所需要具备的一个最重要的能力就是如何去看到题目之后，定准了位，并且找到那个我们真正应该找到的位置，在四个选项当中去找意思的原文最匹配的选项。具体相关知识点和解题思路在考研教育网冲刺阶段英语冲刺班阅读理解部分有重点讲解，在基础班阅读基础部分的段与篇、谋篇、题型精析课程，和强化班的阅读理解A部分也均有涉及。

Part C

Directions：

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）

Within the span of a hundred years， in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries， a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. （46） This movement， driven by powerful and diverse motivations， built a nation out of a wilderness and， by its nature， shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

（47） The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas， customs， and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity， colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen， Frenchmen， Germans， Scots， Irishmen， Dutchmen， Swedes， and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. （48） But， the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America， the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another， and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw， new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which， although it resembled European society in many ways， had a character that was distinctly American.

（49）The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime， thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico， the West Indies， and South America. These travelers to North America came in small， unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage， they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms， many passengers died of disease， and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course， and often calm brought interminable delay.

To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler， “ The air at twelve leagues' distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists' first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. （50） The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia in the south. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture， ships and potash， dyes and naval stores.

【参考答案】

46.在多种强大的动机驱动下， 这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家， 其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

47.美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。

48.但由于美国特有的地理条件， 不同民族的相互作用， 以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难， 新大陆引起了重大变化。

49.在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后， 运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。

50.拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库， 它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。

【试题点评】翻译考查考生在准确理解的基础上，按照英语语法结构拆分句子，准确、通顺翻译汉语的能力。本次考试的翻译考点主要包含对并列句、定语从句、状语从句及固定词组等翻译的考查。具体相关知识点和解题思路在考研教育网冲刺阶段英语冲刺班的翻译部分有重点讲解，在基础班语法、长难句基础部分，和强化班的翻译及长短句部分也均有涉及。

小作文：

Part A

51. Directions：

you are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.

You should state reasons for your recommendation.

You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter，use“Li Ming”instead. Do not write the address .（10 points）

【范文】

Dear friends，

I am writing to tell you about a fantastic book I have just read，as we always share the same taste of books.

The book is called Journey to the West，which tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination. Besides the touching and thrilling plot，the book also features humorous languages，thanks to the talented author.

So I recommend it to all of you as one of the favorite books that I have ever read. I am sure you will love it as much as I do. I am looking forward to discussing more with you after you read it.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

2015考研英语一大作文：手机时代聚会 

Directions： 

Write an essay of 160-200 words on the following picture. In your essay， you should 

1） Describe the picture briefly， 

2） Interpret its intended meaning， and 

3） Give your comments. 

You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （20 points）

【参考范文】

A group of friends，boys or girls，are having a dinner party while each one of them is checking messages in their mobile phones without saying a word to one another，leaving the dishes untouched.We are informed that this is a gathering in the era of mobile phone.

The above picture unveils a common social phenomenon and the symbolic meaning of the photo is the effect of the mobile phone on people‘s way of life. Undoubtedly，the phone provides us with considerable convenience，making many things possible which are beyond our dreams. As a communication tool，the phone makes us closer than ever before by providing immediate communication. Meanwhile，there are negative effects on our personal life. As is shown in the picture，people are imprisoned in their own world！They choose contacting online rather than communicating face to face.

Accordingly，enjoying the convenience provided by the phones，we should bear in mind that human beings are social beings who need real interpersonal interactions！Joint efforts are needed to ensure people to have face-to-face communication！I believe a harmonious relationship between friends is awaiting us if we set aside our mobile phones and enjoy the untouched meal！